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OS Fundamentals
Command Prompt Procedures (Command syntax)
DIR Displays
a list of files and sub directories in a
directory.
Syntax: DIR [drive:] [path] [filename]
[/Switches]
Switches:
/A all (including hidden and system) files
and sub directories in the specified
directory are displayed.
/S Displays files in the specified directory
and all its sub directories
/W Wide list format. File and directory
names are listed in 5 columns
/B Bare format. Files and directories are
listed in a single column without header,
summary, or any details.
/L Output is in lowercase.
/P Pauses with each screenfull of
information. Press any key to see the next
screen.
/V Verbose mode. This displays attributes,
date last accessed, and disk space allocated
for each file, in addition to the standard
information.
ATTRIB
Displays or changes file attributes.
attrib [+r|-r] [+a|-a] [+s|-s] [+h|-h]
[[drive:][path] filename] [/s[/d]]
+r Sets the read-only file attribute.
-r Clears the read-only file attribute.
+a Sets the archive file attribute.
-a Clears the archive file attribute.
+s Sets the file as a system file.
-s Clears the system file attribute.
+h Sets the file as a hidden file.
-h Clears the hidden file attribute
VER Displays
OS version , VER /r also displays
revision and if DOS is in HMA.
MEM Displays
information about allocated memory areas, free
memory areas, and programs that are currently
loaded into memory in DOS subsystem
mem /program or mem /p
/program Displays the status of
programs that are currently loaded into
memory
SCANDISK Is a utility that checks your
hard disk for logical (lost clusters,
cross-linked files, directory structure) and
physical errors on the drive. Scandisk can then
repair the damaged areas. All window versions
except NT come with scandisk. If you are using
win 3.1 you have to exit to DOS and use its
version.
If you do not shut down the computer properly
win 95 OSR2 and 98 will run the DOS version of
scandisk automatically
next time you start up your computer.
Win 9x provides two versions of Scandisk: a
graphical windows-based version Scandskw.exe and
an DOS-based version Scandisk.exe. No matter
which version name you type while in windows,
either from the run box or a DOS prompt the
windows version will run, you must exit to DOS
to run its version. |
