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MCSE : Security Specialist Examples of Common Utilities Hostname, Arp, and Ping are three common TCP/IP utilities. Because they are frequently used, it is recommended that you know how to access them.   Hostname The syntax to use this utility is hostname. To access this utility, type hostname at the command prompt. The system displays the host name of your computer.   Arp The syntax to access information from the ARP cache is arp -a. Type arp -a at the command prompt to display the information in your ARP cache.       Ping The syntax to test connectivity is ping. To test connectivity by using an IP address or computer name, type ping [IP_address or computer_name] To test the TCP/IP configuration of your own computer, you use local loopback. Local loopback is the IP address 127.0.0.1. To test system configuration by using local loopback, type ping 127.0.0.1     Name Resolution   TCP/IP identifies source and destination computers by their IP addresses. However, users are much better at remembering and using words (user-friendly names) than numbers (IP addresses). There are different types of user-friendly names by which a computer can be addressed. The Windows 2003 operating system has different storage locations where it keeps a record of user-friendly names mapped to their corresponding IP addresses. This mapping of the IP address of a computer can be stored in either a static or a dynamic file, based on the type of name used. Some applications, such as Microsoft Internet Explorer and the Ftp utility, can use either the IP address or a user-friendly name to establish communication. When a user-friendly name is specified, a Windows 2003-based computer uses a process called name resolution to identify the appropriate IP address before TCP/IP-based communication with the desired resource can begin. However, if the IP address is specified, communication can happen immediately.